Plant Operation Practice Test

Which device is used to enhance the boiler’s efficiency in fuel utilization?

1. Economizer

2. Vacuum pump

3. Heat exchanger

4. Safety valve

The correct answer is: Economizer

An economizer is specifically designed to enhance the boiler's efficiency in fuel utilization. It functions by capturing the waste heat from the flue gas that would otherwise be released into the atmosphere and using it to preheat the feedwater entering the boiler. This process reduces the amount of fuel needed to heat the water, ultimately improving the overall thermal efficiency of the boiler system. By recovering energy that would be lost, economizers help in reducing fuel consumption and operational costs, making them a crucial component in modern boiler systems. The other options, while important in various aspects of plant operations, do not specifically focus on increasing the efficiency of fuel utilization within a boiler. A vacuum pump is used to create a vacuum for various applications but does not enhance fuel efficiency. A heat exchanger facilitates heat transfer between two fluids but does not target waste heat recovery specific to boiler operation. A safety valve is critical for system safety, preventing overpressure situations, but it does not play a role in improving fuel efficiency. Thus, the economizer is the key device for this purpose.